



About Vulvodynia & Vaginismus
Vulvodynia is a long-term pain condition affecting the vulva, the external part of the female genital area. The pain is often described as burning, stinging, rawness, or throbbing, and it may occur continuously or only when the area is touched. It can make daily activities and intimacy uncomfortable or distressing.
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Vaginismus is a condition in which the muscles around the vagina tighten involuntarily, making penetration painful or impossible. This can affect sexual intercourse, tampon use, and even routine gynecological exams. It is often linked to anxiety, fear, or previous trauma, though it can also occur without a clear cause.
Symptoms
Vulvodynia:
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Burning, stinging, or raw sensation in the vulva
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Pain during sex (dyspareunia)
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Discomfort with prolonged sitting or wearing tight clothing
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Vaginismus:
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Involuntary tightening of vaginal muscles
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Pain or inability during penetration
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Anxiety or fear related to vaginal penetration
Causes & Risk Factors
While both conditions can occur without a clearly identifiable cause, contributing factors may include:
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Nerve injury or irritation
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Hormonal changes
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Pelvic floor muscle dysfunction
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Past infections or inflammatory conditions
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Psychological factors such as anxiety, fear, or trauma
Diagnosis & Treatment
Diagnosis involves a thorough medical history, physical examination, and, when needed, referral to pelvic floor specialists.
Treatment is highly individualized and may include:
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Pelvic floor physical therapy
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Pain management medications or topical treatments
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Counseling or sex therapy to address psychological contributors
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Gradual desensitization techniques for vaginismus
The goal is to reduce pain, restore comfort, and improve sexual function and quality of life.
